Code
library(orbital)
library(tidyverse)
library(tidymodels)
library(here)
library(tidypredict)
library(modeldata)Regression Prediction on Database with R
Using orbital
This document demonstrates how to use the orbital package in R to perform regression predictions directly on a database. We will train a linear regression model on the ames housing dataset, save the model, and then use orbital to generate predictions on the same data stored in a DuckDB database.
1 load package
2 load data
Code
ames <- modeldata::ames
glimpse(ames)Rows: 2,930
Columns: 74
$ MS_SubClass <fct> One_Story_1946_and_Newer_All_Styles, One_Story_1946…
$ MS_Zoning <fct> Residential_Low_Density, Residential_High_Density, …
$ Lot_Frontage <dbl> 141, 80, 81, 93, 74, 78, 41, 43, 39, 60, 75, 0, 63,…
$ Lot_Area <int> 31770, 11622, 14267, 11160, 13830, 9978, 4920, 5005…
$ Street <fct> Pave, Pave, Pave, Pave, Pave, Pave, Pave, Pave, Pav…
$ Alley <fct> No_Alley_Access, No_Alley_Access, No_Alley_Access, …
$ Lot_Shape <fct> Slightly_Irregular, Regular, Slightly_Irregular, Re…
$ Land_Contour <fct> Lvl, Lvl, Lvl, Lvl, Lvl, Lvl, Lvl, HLS, Lvl, Lvl, L…
$ Utilities <fct> AllPub, AllPub, AllPub, AllPub, AllPub, AllPub, All…
$ Lot_Config <fct> Corner, Inside, Corner, Corner, Inside, Inside, Ins…
$ Land_Slope <fct> Gtl, Gtl, Gtl, Gtl, Gtl, Gtl, Gtl, Gtl, Gtl, Gtl, G…
$ Neighborhood <fct> North_Ames, North_Ames, North_Ames, North_Ames, Gil…
$ Condition_1 <fct> Norm, Feedr, Norm, Norm, Norm, Norm, Norm, Norm, No…
$ Condition_2 <fct> Norm, Norm, Norm, Norm, Norm, Norm, Norm, Norm, Nor…
$ Bldg_Type <fct> OneFam, OneFam, OneFam, OneFam, OneFam, OneFam, Twn…
$ House_Style <fct> One_Story, One_Story, One_Story, One_Story, Two_Sto…
$ Overall_Cond <fct> Average, Above_Average, Above_Average, Average, Ave…
$ Year_Built <int> 1960, 1961, 1958, 1968, 1997, 1998, 2001, 1992, 199…
$ Year_Remod_Add <int> 1960, 1961, 1958, 1968, 1998, 1998, 2001, 1992, 199…
$ Roof_Style <fct> Hip, Gable, Hip, Hip, Gable, Gable, Gable, Gable, G…
$ Roof_Matl <fct> CompShg, CompShg, CompShg, CompShg, CompShg, CompSh…
$ Exterior_1st <fct> BrkFace, VinylSd, Wd Sdng, BrkFace, VinylSd, VinylS…
$ Exterior_2nd <fct> Plywood, VinylSd, Wd Sdng, BrkFace, VinylSd, VinylS…
$ Mas_Vnr_Type <fct> Stone, None, BrkFace, None, None, BrkFace, None, No…
$ Mas_Vnr_Area <dbl> 112, 0, 108, 0, 0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6…
$ Exter_Cond <fct> Typical, Typical, Typical, Typical, Typical, Typica…
$ Foundation <fct> CBlock, CBlock, CBlock, CBlock, PConc, PConc, PConc…
$ Bsmt_Cond <fct> Good, Typical, Typical, Typical, Typical, Typical, …
$ Bsmt_Exposure <fct> Gd, No, No, No, No, No, Mn, No, No, No, No, No, No,…
$ BsmtFin_Type_1 <fct> BLQ, Rec, ALQ, ALQ, GLQ, GLQ, GLQ, ALQ, GLQ, Unf, U…
$ BsmtFin_SF_1 <dbl> 2, 6, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 1, 3, 7, 7, 1, 7, 3, 3, 1, 3, …
$ BsmtFin_Type_2 <fct> Unf, LwQ, Unf, Unf, Unf, Unf, Unf, Unf, Unf, Unf, U…
$ BsmtFin_SF_2 <dbl> 0, 144, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1120, 0…
$ Bsmt_Unf_SF <dbl> 441, 270, 406, 1045, 137, 324, 722, 1017, 415, 994,…
$ Total_Bsmt_SF <dbl> 1080, 882, 1329, 2110, 928, 926, 1338, 1280, 1595, …
$ Heating <fct> GasA, GasA, GasA, GasA, GasA, GasA, GasA, GasA, Gas…
$ Heating_QC <fct> Fair, Typical, Typical, Excellent, Good, Excellent,…
$ Central_Air <fct> Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, …
$ Electrical <fct> SBrkr, SBrkr, SBrkr, SBrkr, SBrkr, SBrkr, SBrkr, SB…
$ First_Flr_SF <int> 1656, 896, 1329, 2110, 928, 926, 1338, 1280, 1616, …
$ Second_Flr_SF <int> 0, 0, 0, 0, 701, 678, 0, 0, 0, 776, 892, 0, 676, 0,…
$ Gr_Liv_Area <int> 1656, 896, 1329, 2110, 1629, 1604, 1338, 1280, 1616…
$ Bsmt_Full_Bath <dbl> 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, …
$ Bsmt_Half_Bath <dbl> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, …
$ Full_Bath <int> 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 2, …
$ Half_Bath <int> 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, …
$ Bedroom_AbvGr <int> 3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 1, 4, 4, …
$ Kitchen_AbvGr <int> 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, …
$ TotRms_AbvGrd <int> 7, 5, 6, 8, 6, 7, 6, 5, 5, 7, 7, 6, 7, 5, 4, 12, 8,…
$ Functional <fct> Typ, Typ, Typ, Typ, Typ, Typ, Typ, Typ, Typ, Typ, T…
$ Fireplaces <int> 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, …
$ Garage_Type <fct> Attchd, Attchd, Attchd, Attchd, Attchd, Attchd, Att…
$ Garage_Finish <fct> Fin, Unf, Unf, Fin, Fin, Fin, Fin, RFn, RFn, Fin, F…
$ Garage_Cars <dbl> 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 2, …
$ Garage_Area <dbl> 528, 730, 312, 522, 482, 470, 582, 506, 608, 442, 4…
$ Garage_Cond <fct> Typical, Typical, Typical, Typical, Typical, Typica…
$ Paved_Drive <fct> Partial_Pavement, Paved, Paved, Paved, Paved, Paved…
$ Wood_Deck_SF <int> 210, 140, 393, 0, 212, 360, 0, 0, 237, 140, 157, 48…
$ Open_Porch_SF <int> 62, 0, 36, 0, 34, 36, 0, 82, 152, 60, 84, 21, 75, 0…
$ Enclosed_Porch <int> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 170, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0…
$ Three_season_porch <int> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, …
$ Screen_Porch <int> 0, 120, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 144, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 140, …
$ Pool_Area <int> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, …
$ Pool_QC <fct> No_Pool, No_Pool, No_Pool, No_Pool, No_Pool, No_Poo…
$ Fence <fct> No_Fence, Minimum_Privacy, No_Fence, No_Fence, Mini…
$ Misc_Feature <fct> None, None, Gar2, None, None, None, None, None, Non…
$ Misc_Val <int> 0, 0, 12500, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 500, 0, 0, 0, …
$ Mo_Sold <int> 5, 6, 6, 4, 3, 6, 4, 1, 3, 6, 4, 3, 5, 2, 6, 6, 6, …
$ Year_Sold <int> 2010, 2010, 2010, 2010, 2010, 2010, 2010, 2010, 201…
$ Sale_Type <fct> WD , WD , WD , WD , WD , WD , WD , WD , WD , WD , W…
$ Sale_Condition <fct> Normal, Normal, Normal, Normal, Normal, Normal, Nor…
$ Sale_Price <int> 215000, 105000, 172000, 244000, 189900, 195500, 213…
$ Longitude <dbl> -93.61975, -93.61976, -93.61939, -93.61732, -93.638…
$ Latitude <dbl> 42.05403, 42.05301, 42.05266, 42.05125, 42.06090, 4…3 recipe
Code
rec_spec <- recipe(Sale_Price ~ ., data = ames) |>
step_impute_median(all_numeric_predictors()) |>
step_unknown(all_nominal_predictors()) |>
step_other(all_nominal_predictors()) |>
step_dummy(all_nominal_predictors()) |>
step_nzv(all_numeric_predictors()) |>
step_normalize(all_numeric_predictors()) |>
step_corr(all_numeric_predictors())4 model
Code
lm_spec <- linear_reg()5 work flow
Code
wf_spec <- workflow(rec_spec, lm_spec)6 training
Code
wf_fit <- fit(wf_spec, data = ames)
wf_fit══ Workflow [trained] ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Preprocessor: Recipe
Model: linear_reg()
── Preprocessor ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
7 Recipe Steps
• step_impute_median()
• step_unknown()
• step_other()
• step_dummy()
• step_nzv()
• step_normalize()
• step_corr()
── Model ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Call:
stats::lm(formula = ..y ~ ., data = data)
Coefficients:
(Intercept)
180796.06
Lot_Frontage
955.64
Lot_Area
1516.76
Year_Built
8074.10
Year_Remod_Add
5932.22
Mas_Vnr_Area
6997.31
BsmtFin_SF_1
-2548.65
Bsmt_Unf_SF
-3924.57
Total_Bsmt_SF
9069.96
First_Flr_SF
6568.67
Second_Flr_SF
15604.79
Gr_Liv_Area
19292.62
Bsmt_Full_Bath
3296.45
Bsmt_Half_Bath
-533.51
Full_Bath
2431.15
Half_Bath
1403.62
Bedroom_AbvGr
-3345.31
TotRms_AbvGrd
915.76
Fireplaces
4709.45
Garage_Cars
7318.62
Garage_Area
1681.64
Wood_Deck_SF
1017.69
Mo_Sold
...
and 150 more lines.7 save model
Code
saveRDS(wf_fit, here("./model/ames_model.rds"))8 load model
Code
loaded_model <- readRDS(here("./model/ames_model.rds"))9 convert to orbital object
Code
orbital_obj <- orbital(loaded_model)
orbital_obj10 predictions
10.1 make predictions on data
Code
predict(orbital_obj, ames |> head()) |> bind_cols(ames |> select(Sale_Price) |> head())# A tibble: 6 × 2
.pred Sale_Price
<dbl> <int>
1 241950. 215000
2 89436. 105000
3 150919. 172000
4 258130. 244000
5 199195. 189900
6 189319. 19550010.2 make predictions on database
Code
# Load libraries
library(DBI)
library(duckdb)
# Create or connect to a DuckDB database file
con <- dbConnect(duckdb::duckdb(), dbdir = "my_data.duckdb", read_only = FALSE)
# Save data frame to DuckDB (will create a new table or overwrite)
dbWriteTable(con, "ames", ames, overwrite = TRUE)
# Optional: List tables to confirm
dbListTables(con)[1] "ames"Code
ames_db=tbl(con, "ames")
predict(orbital_obj,ames_db) # Source: SQL [?? x 1]
# Database: DuckDB v1.3.1 [root@Darwin 25.0.0:R 4.5.1//Users/jinchaoduan/Documents/post_project/into_ml/regression/my_data.duckdb]
.pred
<dbl>
1 241950.
2 89436.
3 150919.
4 258130.
5 199195.
6 189319.
7 211575.
8 166227.
9 232087.
10 188203.
# ℹ more rowsCode Generation
In the same way that you can predict in databases, you can also get the code needed to run the query.
Code
orbital_sql(orbital_obj, con)<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Lot_Frontage IS NULL)) THEN 63.0 WHEN NOT ((Lot_Frontage IS NULL)) THEN Lot_Frontage END AS Lot_Frontage
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Lot_Area IS NULL)) THEN 9436.0 WHEN NOT ((Lot_Area IS NULL)) THEN Lot_Area END AS Lot_Area
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Year_Built IS NULL)) THEN 1973.0 WHEN NOT ((Year_Built IS NULL)) THEN Year_Built END AS Year_Built
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Year_Remod_Add IS NULL)) THEN 1993.0 WHEN NOT ((Year_Remod_Add IS NULL)) THEN Year_Remod_Add END AS Year_Remod_Add
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Mas_Vnr_Area IS NULL)) THEN 0.0 WHEN NOT ((Mas_Vnr_Area IS NULL)) THEN Mas_Vnr_Area END AS Mas_Vnr_Area
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((BsmtFin_SF_1 IS NULL)) THEN 3.0 WHEN NOT ((BsmtFin_SF_1 IS NULL)) THEN BsmtFin_SF_1 END AS BsmtFin_SF_1
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bsmt_Unf_SF IS NULL)) THEN 465.5 WHEN NOT ((Bsmt_Unf_SF IS NULL)) THEN Bsmt_Unf_SF END AS Bsmt_Unf_SF
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Total_Bsmt_SF IS NULL)) THEN 990.0 WHEN NOT ((Total_Bsmt_SF IS NULL)) THEN Total_Bsmt_SF END AS Total_Bsmt_SF
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((First_Flr_SF IS NULL)) THEN 1084.0 WHEN NOT ((First_Flr_SF IS NULL)) THEN First_Flr_SF END AS First_Flr_SF
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Second_Flr_SF IS NULL)) THEN 0.0 WHEN NOT ((Second_Flr_SF IS NULL)) THEN Second_Flr_SF END AS Second_Flr_SF
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Gr_Liv_Area IS NULL)) THEN 1442.0 WHEN NOT ((Gr_Liv_Area IS NULL)) THEN Gr_Liv_Area END AS Gr_Liv_Area
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bsmt_Full_Bath IS NULL)) THEN 0.0 WHEN NOT ((Bsmt_Full_Bath IS NULL)) THEN Bsmt_Full_Bath END AS Bsmt_Full_Bath
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bsmt_Half_Bath IS NULL)) THEN 0.0 WHEN NOT ((Bsmt_Half_Bath IS NULL)) THEN Bsmt_Half_Bath END AS Bsmt_Half_Bath
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Full_Bath IS NULL)) THEN 2.0 WHEN NOT ((Full_Bath IS NULL)) THEN Full_Bath END AS Full_Bath
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Half_Bath IS NULL)) THEN 0.0 WHEN NOT ((Half_Bath IS NULL)) THEN Half_Bath END AS Half_Bath
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bedroom_AbvGr IS NULL)) THEN 3.0 WHEN NOT ((Bedroom_AbvGr IS NULL)) THEN Bedroom_AbvGr END AS Bedroom_AbvGr
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((TotRms_AbvGrd IS NULL)) THEN 6.0 WHEN NOT ((TotRms_AbvGrd IS NULL)) THEN TotRms_AbvGrd END AS TotRms_AbvGrd
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Fireplaces IS NULL)) THEN 1.0 WHEN NOT ((Fireplaces IS NULL)) THEN Fireplaces END AS Fireplaces
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Garage_Cars IS NULL)) THEN 2.0 WHEN NOT ((Garage_Cars IS NULL)) THEN Garage_Cars END AS Garage_Cars
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Garage_Area IS NULL)) THEN 480.0 WHEN NOT ((Garage_Area IS NULL)) THEN Garage_Area END AS Garage_Area
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Wood_Deck_SF IS NULL)) THEN 0.0 WHEN NOT ((Wood_Deck_SF IS NULL)) THEN Wood_Deck_SF END AS Wood_Deck_SF
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Mo_Sold IS NULL)) THEN 6.0 WHEN NOT ((Mo_Sold IS NULL)) THEN Mo_Sold END AS Mo_Sold
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Year_Sold IS NULL)) THEN 2008.0 WHEN NOT ((Year_Sold IS NULL)) THEN Year_Sold END AS Year_Sold
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Longitude IS NULL)) THEN (-93.641806) WHEN NOT ((Longitude IS NULL)) THEN Longitude END AS Longitude
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Latitude IS NULL)) THEN 42.0346625 WHEN NOT ((Latitude IS NULL)) THEN Latitude END AS Latitude
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((MS_SubClass IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((MS_SubClass IS NULL)) THEN MS_SubClass END AS MS_SubClass
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((MS_Zoning IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((MS_Zoning IS NULL)) THEN MS_Zoning END AS MS_Zoning
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Alley IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Alley IS NULL)) THEN Alley END AS Alley
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Lot_Shape IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Lot_Shape IS NULL)) THEN Lot_Shape END AS Lot_Shape
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Land_Contour IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Land_Contour IS NULL)) THEN Land_Contour END AS Land_Contour
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Lot_Config IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Lot_Config IS NULL)) THEN Lot_Config END AS Lot_Config
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Neighborhood IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Neighborhood IS NULL)) THEN Neighborhood END AS Neighborhood
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Condition_1 IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Condition_1 IS NULL)) THEN Condition_1 END AS Condition_1
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bldg_Type IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Bldg_Type IS NULL)) THEN Bldg_Type END AS Bldg_Type
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((House_Style IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((House_Style IS NULL)) THEN House_Style END AS House_Style
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Overall_Cond IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Overall_Cond IS NULL)) THEN Overall_Cond END AS Overall_Cond
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Roof_Style IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Roof_Style IS NULL)) THEN Roof_Style END AS Roof_Style
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Exterior_1st IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Exterior_1st IS NULL)) THEN Exterior_1st END AS Exterior_1st
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Exterior_2nd IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Exterior_2nd IS NULL)) THEN Exterior_2nd END AS Exterior_2nd
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Mas_Vnr_Type IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Mas_Vnr_Type IS NULL)) THEN Mas_Vnr_Type END AS Mas_Vnr_Type
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Exter_Cond IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Exter_Cond IS NULL)) THEN Exter_Cond END AS Exter_Cond
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Foundation IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Foundation IS NULL)) THEN Foundation END AS Foundation
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bsmt_Cond IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Bsmt_Cond IS NULL)) THEN Bsmt_Cond END AS Bsmt_Cond
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bsmt_Exposure IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Bsmt_Exposure IS NULL)) THEN Bsmt_Exposure END AS Bsmt_Exposure
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((BsmtFin_Type_1 IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((BsmtFin_Type_1 IS NULL)) THEN BsmtFin_Type_1 END AS BsmtFin_Type_1
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((BsmtFin_Type_2 IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((BsmtFin_Type_2 IS NULL)) THEN BsmtFin_Type_2 END AS BsmtFin_Type_2
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Heating_QC IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Heating_QC IS NULL)) THEN Heating_QC END AS Heating_QC
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Central_Air IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Central_Air IS NULL)) THEN Central_Air END AS Central_Air
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Electrical IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Electrical IS NULL)) THEN Electrical END AS Electrical
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Functional IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Functional IS NULL)) THEN Functional END AS Functional
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Garage_Type IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Garage_Type IS NULL)) THEN Garage_Type END AS Garage_Type
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Garage_Finish IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Garage_Finish IS NULL)) THEN Garage_Finish END AS Garage_Finish
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Garage_Cond IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Garage_Cond IS NULL)) THEN Garage_Cond END AS Garage_Cond
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Paved_Drive IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Paved_Drive IS NULL)) THEN Paved_Drive END AS Paved_Drive
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Fence IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Fence IS NULL)) THEN Fence END AS Fence
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Sale_Type IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Sale_Type IS NULL)) THEN Sale_Type END AS Sale_Type
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Sale_Condition IS NULL)) THEN 'unknown' WHEN NOT ((Sale_Condition IS NULL)) THEN Sale_Condition END AS Sale_Condition
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((MS_SubClass IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((MS_SubClass IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (MS_SubClass IN ('One_Story_1946_and_Newer_All_Styles', 'One_and_Half_Story_Finished_All_Ages', 'Two_Story_1946_and_Newer', 'One_Story_PUD_1946_and_Newer')) THEN MS_SubClass WHEN NOT (MS_SubClass IN ('One_Story_1946_and_Newer_All_Styles', 'One_and_Half_Story_Finished_All_Ages', 'Two_Story_1946_and_Newer', 'One_Story_PUD_1946_and_Newer')) THEN 'other' END) END AS MS_SubClass
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((MS_Zoning IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((MS_Zoning IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (MS_Zoning IN ('Residential_Low_Density', 'Residential_Medium_Density')) THEN MS_Zoning WHEN NOT (MS_Zoning IN ('Residential_Low_Density', 'Residential_Medium_Density')) THEN 'other' END) END AS MS_Zoning
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Alley IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Alley IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Alley IN ('No_Alley_Access')) THEN Alley WHEN NOT (Alley IN ('No_Alley_Access')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Alley
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Lot_Shape IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Lot_Shape IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Lot_Shape IN ('Regular', 'Slightly_Irregular')) THEN Lot_Shape WHEN NOT (Lot_Shape IN ('Regular', 'Slightly_Irregular')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Lot_Shape
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Land_Contour IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Land_Contour IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Land_Contour IN ('Lvl')) THEN Land_Contour WHEN NOT (Land_Contour IN ('Lvl')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Land_Contour
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Lot_Config IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Lot_Config IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Lot_Config IN ('Corner', 'CulDSac', 'Inside')) THEN Lot_Config WHEN NOT (Lot_Config IN ('Corner', 'CulDSac', 'Inside')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Lot_Config
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Neighborhood IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Neighborhood IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Neighborhood IN ('North_Ames', 'College_Creek', 'Old_Town', 'Edwards', 'Somerset', 'Northridge_Heights', 'Gilbert', 'Sawyer')) THEN Neighborhood WHEN NOT (Neighborhood IN ('North_Ames', 'College_Creek', 'Old_Town', 'Edwards', 'Somerset', 'Northridge_Heights', 'Gilbert', 'Sawyer')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Neighborhood
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Condition_1 IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Condition_1 IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Condition_1 IN ('Feedr', 'Norm')) THEN Condition_1 WHEN NOT (Condition_1 IN ('Feedr', 'Norm')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Condition_1
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bldg_Type IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Bldg_Type IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Bldg_Type IN ('OneFam', 'TwnhsE')) THEN Bldg_Type WHEN NOT (Bldg_Type IN ('OneFam', 'TwnhsE')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Bldg_Type
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((House_Style IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((House_Style IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (House_Style IN ('One_and_Half_Fin', 'One_Story', 'Two_Story')) THEN House_Style WHEN NOT (House_Style IN ('One_and_Half_Fin', 'One_Story', 'Two_Story')) THEN 'other' END) END AS House_Style
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Overall_Cond IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Overall_Cond IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Overall_Cond IN ('Average', 'Above_Average', 'Good')) THEN Overall_Cond WHEN NOT (Overall_Cond IN ('Average', 'Above_Average', 'Good')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Overall_Cond
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Roof_Style IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Roof_Style IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Roof_Style IN ('Gable', 'Hip')) THEN Roof_Style WHEN NOT (Roof_Style IN ('Gable', 'Hip')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Roof_Style
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Exterior_1st IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Exterior_1st IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Exterior_1st IN ('HdBoard', 'MetalSd', 'Plywood', 'VinylSd', 'Wd Sdng')) THEN Exterior_1st WHEN NOT (Exterior_1st IN ('HdBoard', 'MetalSd', 'Plywood', 'VinylSd', 'Wd Sdng')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Exterior_1st
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Exterior_2nd IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Exterior_2nd IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Exterior_2nd IN ('HdBoard', 'MetalSd', 'Plywood', 'VinylSd', 'Wd Sdng')) THEN Exterior_2nd WHEN NOT (Exterior_2nd IN ('HdBoard', 'MetalSd', 'Plywood', 'VinylSd', 'Wd Sdng')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Exterior_2nd
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Mas_Vnr_Type IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Mas_Vnr_Type IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Mas_Vnr_Type IN ('BrkFace', 'None', 'Stone')) THEN Mas_Vnr_Type WHEN NOT (Mas_Vnr_Type IN ('BrkFace', 'None', 'Stone')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Mas_Vnr_Type
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Exter_Cond IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Exter_Cond IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Exter_Cond IN ('Good', 'Typical')) THEN Exter_Cond WHEN NOT (Exter_Cond IN ('Good', 'Typical')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Exter_Cond
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Foundation IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Foundation IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Foundation IN ('BrkTil', 'CBlock', 'PConc')) THEN Foundation WHEN NOT (Foundation IN ('BrkTil', 'CBlock', 'PConc')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Foundation
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bsmt_Cond IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Bsmt_Cond IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Bsmt_Cond IN ('Typical')) THEN Bsmt_Cond WHEN NOT (Bsmt_Cond IN ('Typical')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Bsmt_Cond
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Bsmt_Exposure IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Bsmt_Exposure IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Bsmt_Exposure IN ('Av', 'Gd', 'Mn', 'No')) THEN Bsmt_Exposure WHEN NOT (Bsmt_Exposure IN ('Av', 'Gd', 'Mn', 'No')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Bsmt_Exposure
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((BsmtFin_Type_1 IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((BsmtFin_Type_1 IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (BsmtFin_Type_1 IN ('ALQ', 'BLQ', 'GLQ', 'LwQ', 'Rec', 'Unf')) THEN BsmtFin_Type_1 WHEN NOT (BsmtFin_Type_1 IN ('ALQ', 'BLQ', 'GLQ', 'LwQ', 'Rec', 'Unf')) THEN 'other' END) END AS BsmtFin_Type_1
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((BsmtFin_Type_2 IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((BsmtFin_Type_2 IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (BsmtFin_Type_2 IN ('Unf')) THEN BsmtFin_Type_2 WHEN NOT (BsmtFin_Type_2 IN ('Unf')) THEN 'other' END) END AS BsmtFin_Type_2
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Heating_QC IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Heating_QC IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Heating_QC IN ('Excellent', 'Good', 'Typical')) THEN Heating_QC WHEN NOT (Heating_QC IN ('Excellent', 'Good', 'Typical')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Heating_QC
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Central_Air IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Central_Air IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Central_Air IN ('N', 'Y')) THEN Central_Air WHEN NOT (Central_Air IN ('N', 'Y')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Central_Air
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Electrical IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Electrical IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Electrical IN ('FuseA', 'SBrkr')) THEN Electrical WHEN NOT (Electrical IN ('FuseA', 'SBrkr')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Electrical
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Functional IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Functional IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Functional IN ('Typ')) THEN Functional WHEN NOT (Functional IN ('Typ')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Functional
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Garage_Type IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Garage_Type IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Garage_Type IN ('Attchd', 'BuiltIn', 'Detchd', 'No_Garage')) THEN Garage_Type WHEN NOT (Garage_Type IN ('Attchd', 'BuiltIn', 'Detchd', 'No_Garage')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Garage_Type
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Garage_Finish IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Garage_Finish IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Garage_Finish IN ('Fin', 'No_Garage', 'RFn', 'Unf')) THEN Garage_Finish WHEN NOT (Garage_Finish IN ('Fin', 'No_Garage', 'RFn', 'Unf')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Garage_Finish
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Garage_Cond IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Garage_Cond IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Garage_Cond IN ('No_Garage', 'Typical')) THEN Garage_Cond WHEN NOT (Garage_Cond IN ('No_Garage', 'Typical')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Garage_Cond
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Paved_Drive IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Paved_Drive IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Paved_Drive IN ('Dirt_Gravel', 'Paved')) THEN Paved_Drive WHEN NOT (Paved_Drive IN ('Dirt_Gravel', 'Paved')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Paved_Drive
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Fence IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Fence IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Fence IN ('Minimum_Privacy', 'No_Fence')) THEN Fence WHEN NOT (Fence IN ('Minimum_Privacy', 'No_Fence')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Fence
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Sale_Type IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Sale_Type IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Sale_Type IN ('New', 'WD ')) THEN Sale_Type WHEN NOT (Sale_Type IN ('New', 'WD ')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Sale_Type
<SQL> CASE WHEN ((Sale_Condition IS NULL)) THEN NULL WHEN NOT ((Sale_Condition IS NULL)) THEN (CASE WHEN (Sale_Condition IN ('Abnorml', 'Normal', 'Partial')) THEN Sale_Condition WHEN NOT (Sale_Condition IN ('Abnorml', 'Normal', 'Partial')) THEN 'other' END) END AS Sale_Condition
<SQL> CAST(MS_SubClass = 'One_and_Half_Story_Finished_All_Ages' AS NUMERIC) AS MS_SubClass_One_and_Half_Story_Finished_All_Ages
<SQL> CAST(MS_SubClass = 'Two_Story_1946_and_Newer' AS NUMERIC) AS MS_SubClass_Two_Story_1946_and_Newer
<SQL> CAST(MS_SubClass = 'One_Story_PUD_1946_and_Newer' AS NUMERIC) AS MS_SubClass_One_Story_PUD_1946_and_Newer
<SQL> CAST(MS_SubClass = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS MS_SubClass_other
<SQL> CAST(MS_Zoning = 'Residential_Medium_Density' AS NUMERIC) AS MS_Zoning_Residential_Medium_Density
<SQL> CAST(MS_Zoning = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS MS_Zoning_other
<SQL> CAST(Alley = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Alley_other
<SQL> CAST(Lot_Shape = 'Slightly_Irregular' AS NUMERIC) AS Lot_Shape_Slightly_Irregular
<SQL> CAST(Land_Contour = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Land_Contour_other
<SQL> CAST(Lot_Config = 'CulDSac' AS NUMERIC) AS Lot_Config_CulDSac
<SQL> CAST(Lot_Config = 'Inside' AS NUMERIC) AS Lot_Config_Inside
<SQL> CAST(Neighborhood = 'College_Creek' AS NUMERIC) AS Neighborhood_College_Creek
<SQL> CAST(Neighborhood = 'Old_Town' AS NUMERIC) AS Neighborhood_Old_Town
<SQL> CAST(Neighborhood = 'Edwards' AS NUMERIC) AS Neighborhood_Edwards
<SQL> CAST(Neighborhood = 'Somerset' AS NUMERIC) AS Neighborhood_Somerset
<SQL> CAST(Neighborhood = 'Northridge_Heights' AS NUMERIC) AS Neighborhood_Northridge_Heights
<SQL> CAST(Neighborhood = 'Gilbert' AS NUMERIC) AS Neighborhood_Gilbert
<SQL> CAST(Neighborhood = 'Sawyer' AS NUMERIC) AS Neighborhood_Sawyer
<SQL> CAST(Neighborhood = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Neighborhood_other
<SQL> CAST(Condition_1 = 'Norm' AS NUMERIC) AS Condition_1_Norm
<SQL> CAST(Condition_1 = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Condition_1_other
<SQL> CAST(Bldg_Type = 'TwnhsE' AS NUMERIC) AS Bldg_Type_TwnhsE
<SQL> CAST(Bldg_Type = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Bldg_Type_other
<SQL> CAST(House_Style = 'One_Story' AS NUMERIC) AS House_Style_One_Story
<SQL> CAST(House_Style = 'Two_Story' AS NUMERIC) AS House_Style_Two_Story
<SQL> CAST(House_Style = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS House_Style_other
<SQL> CAST(Overall_Cond = 'Above_Average' AS NUMERIC) AS Overall_Cond_Above_Average
<SQL> CAST(Overall_Cond = 'Good' AS NUMERIC) AS Overall_Cond_Good
<SQL> CAST(Overall_Cond = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Overall_Cond_other
<SQL> CAST(Roof_Style = 'Hip' AS NUMERIC) AS Roof_Style_Hip
<SQL> CAST(Exterior_1st = 'Plywood' AS NUMERIC) AS Exterior_1st_Plywood
<SQL> CAST(Exterior_1st = 'Wd Sdng' AS NUMERIC) AS Exterior_1st_Wd.Sdng
<SQL> CAST(Exterior_1st = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Exterior_1st_other
<SQL> CAST(Exterior_2nd = 'MetalSd' AS NUMERIC) AS Exterior_2nd_MetalSd
<SQL> CAST(Exterior_2nd = 'Plywood' AS NUMERIC) AS Exterior_2nd_Plywood
<SQL> CAST(Exterior_2nd = 'VinylSd' AS NUMERIC) AS Exterior_2nd_VinylSd
<SQL> CAST(Exterior_2nd = 'Wd Sdng' AS NUMERIC) AS Exterior_2nd_Wd.Sdng
<SQL> CAST(Exterior_2nd = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Exterior_2nd_other
<SQL> CAST(Mas_Vnr_Type = 'None' AS NUMERIC) AS Mas_Vnr_Type_None
<SQL> CAST(Mas_Vnr_Type = 'Stone' AS NUMERIC) AS Mas_Vnr_Type_Stone
<SQL> CAST(Exter_Cond = 'Typical' AS NUMERIC) AS Exter_Cond_Typical
<SQL> CAST(Foundation = 'CBlock' AS NUMERIC) AS Foundation_CBlock
<SQL> CAST(Foundation = 'PConc' AS NUMERIC) AS Foundation_PConc
<SQL> CAST(Bsmt_Cond = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Bsmt_Cond_other
<SQL> CAST(Bsmt_Exposure = 'Gd' AS NUMERIC) AS Bsmt_Exposure_Gd
<SQL> CAST(Bsmt_Exposure = 'Mn' AS NUMERIC) AS Bsmt_Exposure_Mn
<SQL> CAST(Bsmt_Exposure = 'No' AS NUMERIC) AS Bsmt_Exposure_No
<SQL> CAST(BsmtFin_Type_1 = 'BLQ' AS NUMERIC) AS BsmtFin_Type_1_BLQ
<SQL> CAST(BsmtFin_Type_1 = 'GLQ' AS NUMERIC) AS BsmtFin_Type_1_GLQ
<SQL> CAST(BsmtFin_Type_1 = 'LwQ' AS NUMERIC) AS BsmtFin_Type_1_LwQ
<SQL> CAST(BsmtFin_Type_1 = 'Rec' AS NUMERIC) AS BsmtFin_Type_1_Rec
<SQL> CAST(BsmtFin_Type_1 = 'Unf' AS NUMERIC) AS BsmtFin_Type_1_Unf
<SQL> CAST(BsmtFin_Type_2 = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS BsmtFin_Type_2_other
<SQL> CAST(Heating_QC = 'Good' AS NUMERIC) AS Heating_QC_Good
<SQL> CAST(Heating_QC = 'Typical' AS NUMERIC) AS Heating_QC_Typical
<SQL> CAST(Central_Air = 'Y' AS NUMERIC) AS Central_Air_Y
<SQL> CAST(Electrical = 'SBrkr' AS NUMERIC) AS Electrical_SBrkr
<SQL> CAST(Functional = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Functional_other
<SQL> CAST(Garage_Type = 'BuiltIn' AS NUMERIC) AS Garage_Type_BuiltIn
<SQL> CAST(Garage_Type = 'Detchd' AS NUMERIC) AS Garage_Type_Detchd
<SQL> CAST(Garage_Type = 'No_Garage' AS NUMERIC) AS Garage_Type_No_Garage
<SQL> CAST(Garage_Finish = 'RFn' AS NUMERIC) AS Garage_Finish_RFn
<SQL> CAST(Garage_Finish = 'Unf' AS NUMERIC) AS Garage_Finish_Unf
<SQL> CAST(Garage_Cond = 'Typical' AS NUMERIC) AS Garage_Cond_Typical
<SQL> CAST(Paved_Drive = 'Paved' AS NUMERIC) AS Paved_Drive_Paved
<SQL> CAST(Fence = 'No_Fence' AS NUMERIC) AS Fence_No_Fence
<SQL> CAST(Fence = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Fence_other
<SQL> CAST(Sale_Type = 'WD ' AS NUMERIC) AS Sale_Type_WD.
<SQL> CAST(Sale_Type = 'other' AS NUMERIC) AS Sale_Type_other
<SQL> CAST(Sale_Condition = 'Normal' AS NUMERIC) AS Sale_Condition_Normal
<SQL> CAST(Sale_Condition = 'Partial' AS NUMERIC) AS Sale_Condition_Partial
<SQL> (Lot_Frontage - 57.6477815699659) / 33.4994407936298 AS Lot_Frontage
<SQL> (Lot_Area - 10147.9218430034) / 7880.01775943908 AS Lot_Area
<SQL> (Year_Built - 1971.35631399317) / 30.2453606293748 AS Year_Built
<SQL> (Year_Remod_Add - 1984.26655290102) / 20.8602858768493 AS Year_Remod_Add
<SQL> (Mas_Vnr_Area - 101.096928327645) / 178.634544825759 AS Mas_Vnr_Area
<SQL> (BsmtFin_SF_1 - 4.17747440273038) / 2.23337248339063 AS BsmtFin_SF_1
<SQL> (Bsmt_Unf_SF - 559.071672354949) / 439.540571056777 AS Bsmt_Unf_SF
<SQL> (Total_Bsmt_SF - 1051.25563139932) / 440.968017663732 AS Total_Bsmt_SF
<SQL> (First_Flr_SF - 1159.55767918089) / 391.890885253492 AS First_Flr_SF
<SQL> (Second_Flr_SF - 335.455972696246) / 428.395715008817 AS Second_Flr_SF
<SQL> (Gr_Liv_Area - 1499.69044368601) / 505.508887472041 AS Gr_Liv_Area
<SQL> (Bsmt_Full_Bath - 0.431058020477816) / 0.524761963021571 AS Bsmt_Full_Bath
<SQL> (Bsmt_Half_Bath - 0.0610921501706485) / 0.2451750199611 AS Bsmt_Half_Bath
<SQL> (Full_Bath - 1.56655290102389) / 0.552940611645541 AS Full_Bath
<SQL> (Half_Bath - 0.379522184300341) / 0.502629253315152 AS Half_Bath
<SQL> (Bedroom_AbvGr - 2.8542662116041) / 0.827731141985356 AS Bedroom_AbvGr
<SQL> (TotRms_AbvGrd - 6.44300341296928) / 1.57296439633447 AS TotRms_AbvGrd
<SQL> (Fireplaces - 0.599317406143345) / 0.647920916551224 AS Fireplaces
<SQL> (Garage_Cars - 1.76621160409556) / 0.761136719051791 AS Garage_Cars
<SQL> (Garage_Area - 472.658361774744) / 215.187195710444 AS Garage_Area
<SQL> (Wood_Deck_SF - 93.7518771331058) / 126.361561878906 AS Wood_Deck_SF
<SQL> (Mo_Sold - 6.2160409556314) / 2.71449242543017 AS Mo_Sold
<SQL> (Year_Sold - 2007.79044368601) / 1.31661292261058 AS Year_Sold
<SQL> (Longitude - -93.6428968985664) / 0.0256995708419148 AS Longitude
<SQL> (Latitude - 42.034482233959) / 0.0184100719647591 AS Latitude
<SQL> (MS_SubClass_One_and_Half_Story_Finished_All_Ages - 0.0979522184300341) / 0.29730076993089 AS MS_SubClass_One_and_Half_Story_Finished_All_Ages
<SQL> (MS_SubClass_Two_Story_1946_and_Newer - 0.196245733788396) / 0.397224367384818 AS MS_SubClass_Two_Story_1946_and_Newer
<SQL> (MS_SubClass_One_Story_PUD_1946_and_Newer - 0.0655290102389079) / 0.247499223220498 AS MS_SubClass_One_Story_PUD_1946_and_Newer
<SQL> (MS_SubClass_other - 0.272013651877133) / 0.445072839567832 AS MS_SubClass_other
<SQL> (MS_Zoning_Residential_Medium_Density - 0.157679180887372) / 0.364502129111781 AS MS_Zoning_Residential_Medium_Density
<SQL> (MS_Zoning_other - 0.0665529010238908) / 0.24928863236444 AS MS_Zoning_other
<SQL> (Alley_other - 0.0675767918088737) / 0.251061111160185 AS Alley_other
<SQL> (Lot_Shape_Slightly_Irregular - 0.334129692832765) / 0.47176583308771 AS Lot_Shape_Slightly_Irregular
<SQL> (Land_Contour_other - 0.101365187713311) / 0.301863190671307 AS Land_Contour_other
<SQL> (Lot_Config_CulDSac - 0.0614334470989761) / 0.240164660939138 AS Lot_Config_CulDSac
<SQL> (Lot_Config_Inside - 0.73037542662116) / 0.443840507830806 AS Lot_Config_Inside
<SQL> (Neighborhood_College_Creek - 0.0911262798634812) / 0.287837727934595 AS Neighborhood_College_Creek
<SQL> (Neighborhood_Old_Town - 0.0815699658703072) / 0.273755153326882 AS Neighborhood_Old_Town
<SQL> (Neighborhood_Edwards - 0.0662116040955631) / 0.248694061775505 AS Neighborhood_Edwards
<SQL> (Neighborhood_Somerset - 0.0621160409556314) / 0.24140739084181 AS Neighborhood_Somerset
<SQL> (Neighborhood_Northridge_Heights - 0.0566552901023891) / 0.231222220401889 AS Neighborhood_Northridge_Heights
<SQL> (Neighborhood_Gilbert - 0.0563139931740614) / 0.23056641340149 AS Neighborhood_Gilbert
<SQL> (Neighborhood_Sawyer - 0.0515358361774744) / 0.221125715420468 AS Neighborhood_Sawyer
<SQL> (Neighborhood_other - 0.383276450511945) / 0.486267739839726 AS Neighborhood_other
<SQL> (Condition_1_Norm - 0.860750853242321) / 0.346265423193011 AS Condition_1_Norm
<SQL> (Condition_1_other - 0.0832764505119454) / 0.276346788132956 AS Condition_1_other
<SQL> (Bldg_Type_TwnhsE - 0.0795221843003413) / 0.270598221400414 AS Bldg_Type_TwnhsE
<SQL> (Bldg_Type_other - 0.0928327645051195) / 0.290247470995805 AS Bldg_Type_other
<SQL> (House_Style_One_Story - 0.505460750853242) / 0.500055520299656 AS House_Style_One_Story
<SQL> (House_Style_Two_Story - 0.297952218430034) / 0.457436454275073 AS House_Style_Two_Story
<SQL> (House_Style_other - 0.089419795221843) / 0.28539743281522 AS House_Style_other
<SQL> (Overall_Cond_Above_Average - 0.181911262798635) / 0.385837225088102 AS Overall_Cond_Above_Average
<SQL> (Overall_Cond_Good - 0.133105802047782) / 0.339747027574095 AS Overall_Cond_Good
<SQL> (Overall_Cond_other - 0.120477815699659) / 0.325575012535215 AS Overall_Cond_other
<SQL> (Roof_Style_Hip - 0.188054607508532) / 0.390822469348801 AS Roof_Style_Hip
<SQL> (Exterior_1st_Plywood - 0.0754266211604096) / 0.264123560635694 AS Exterior_1st_Plywood
<SQL> ("Exterior_1st_Wd.Sdng" - 0.143344709897611) / 0.350483849258397 AS Exterior_1st_Wd.Sdng
<SQL> (Exterior_1st_other - 0.126621160409556) / 0.3326048683642 AS Exterior_1st_other
<SQL> (Exterior_2nd_MetalSd - 0.152559726962457) / 0.359623965271127 AS Exterior_2nd_MetalSd
<SQL> (Exterior_2nd_Plywood - 0.0935153583617747) / 0.291202983863763 AS Exterior_2nd_Plywood
<SQL> (Exterior_2nd_VinylSd - 0.34641638225256) / 0.475908996013668 AS Exterior_2nd_VinylSd
<SQL> ("Exterior_2nd_Wd.Sdng" - 0.135494880546075) / 0.342309815377914 AS Exterior_2nd_Wd.Sdng
<SQL> (Exterior_2nd_other - 0.133447098976109) / 0.340115350213894 AS Exterior_2nd_other
<SQL> (Mas_Vnr_Type_None - 0.60580204778157) / 0.488761146410943 AS Mas_Vnr_Type_None
<SQL> (Mas_Vnr_Type_Stone - 0.0849829351535836) / 0.278903898290532 AS Mas_Vnr_Type_Stone
<SQL> (Exter_Cond_Typical - 0.869965870307167) / 0.336398390738677 AS Exter_Cond_Typical
<SQL> (Foundation_CBlock - 0.42457337883959) / 0.494362453896242 AS Foundation_CBlock
<SQL> (Foundation_PConc - 0.447098976109215) / 0.497278472872519 AS Foundation_PConc
<SQL> (Bsmt_Cond_other - 0.107167235494881) / 0.309378548700852 AS Bsmt_Cond_other
<SQL> (Bsmt_Exposure_Gd - 0.0969283276450512) / 0.295910648619023 AS Bsmt_Exposure_Gd
<SQL> (Bsmt_Exposure_Mn - 0.0815699658703072) / 0.273755153326882 AS Bsmt_Exposure_Mn
<SQL> (Bsmt_Exposure_No - 0.650511945392491) / 0.47688968675096 AS Bsmt_Exposure_No
<SQL> (BsmtFin_Type_1_BLQ - 0.0918088737201365) / 0.288805248362099 AS BsmtFin_Type_1_BLQ
<SQL> (BsmtFin_Type_1_GLQ - 0.293174061433447) / 0.455295266685688 AS BsmtFin_Type_1_GLQ
<SQL> (BsmtFin_Type_1_LwQ - 0.0525597269624573) / 0.22319095747528 AS BsmtFin_Type_1_LwQ
<SQL> (BsmtFin_Type_1_Rec - 0.0982935153583618) / 0.297761918854356 AS BsmtFin_Type_1_Rec
<SQL> (BsmtFin_Type_1_Unf - 0.290443686006826) / 0.454044614382598 AS BsmtFin_Type_1_Unf
<SQL> (BsmtFin_Type_2_other - 0.147098976109215) / 0.354265015722134 AS BsmtFin_Type_2_other
<SQL> (Heating_QC_Good - 0.162457337883959) / 0.368932792871919 AS Heating_QC_Good
<SQL> (Heating_QC_Typical - 0.294880546075085) / 0.456066879260254 AS Heating_QC_Typical
<SQL> (Central_Air_Y - 0.933105802047782) / 0.249881321917316 AS Central_Air_Y
<SQL> (Electrical_SBrkr - 0.915358361774744) / 0.278395192381356 AS Electrical_SBrkr
<SQL> (Functional_other - 0.0689419795221843) / 0.253398693690374 AS Functional_other
<SQL> (Garage_Type_BuiltIn - 0.063481228668942) / 0.243868119627041 AS Garage_Type_BuiltIn
<SQL> (Garage_Type_Detchd - 0.266894197952218) / 0.442412123006279 AS Garage_Type_Detchd
<SQL> (Garage_Type_No_Garage - 0.0535836177474403) / 0.225232607667556 AS Garage_Type_No_Garage
<SQL> (Garage_Finish_RFn - 0.277133105802048) / 0.447659181683979 AS Garage_Finish_RFn
<SQL> (Garage_Finish_Unf - 0.420136518771331) / 0.493664866213919 AS Garage_Finish_Unf
<SQL> (Garage_Cond_Typical - 0.909556313993174) / 0.28686531957822 AS Garage_Cond_Typical
<SQL> (Paved_Drive_Paved - 0.905119453924915) / 0.293099894291761 AS Paved_Drive_Paved
<SQL> (Fence_No_Fence - 0.804778156996587) / 0.396439042702727 AS Fence_No_Fence
<SQL> (Fence_other - 0.0825938566552901) / 0.27531433147627 AS Fence_other
<SQL> ("Sale_Type_WD." - 0.865529010238908) / 0.341215883698076 AS Sale_Type_WD.
<SQL> (Sale_Type_other - 0.052901023890785) / 0.223874096830007 AS Sale_Type_other
<SQL> (Sale_Condition_Normal - 0.823549488054607) / 0.381268070423091 AS Sale_Condition_Normal
<SQL> (Sale_Condition_Partial - 0.083617747440273) / 0.276860941338601 AS Sale_Condition_Partial
<SQL> (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((180796.060068276 + (Lot_Frontage * 955.635117988055)) + (Lot_Area * 1516.76354238102)) + (Year_Built * 8074.0999404053)) + (Year_Remod_Add * 5932.22192419811)) + (Mas_Vnr_Area * 6997.31007185545)) + (BsmtFin_SF_1 * -2548.6498185042)) + (Bsmt_Unf_SF * -3924.57476809074)) + (Total_Bsmt_SF * 9069.96047666678)) + (First_Flr_SF * 6568.67460483003)) + (Second_Flr_SF * 15604.7900975187)) + (Gr_Liv_Area * 19292.6248611375)) + (Bsmt_Full_Bath * 3296.44905707815)) + (Bsmt_Half_Bath * -533.514930287277)) + (Full_Bath * 2431.14756181475)) + (Half_Bath * 1403.62028448759)) + (Bedroom_AbvGr * -3345.30530477551)) + (TotRms_AbvGrd * 915.757489815828)) + (Fireplaces * 4709.45091860586)) + (Garage_Cars * 7318.62377224317)) + (Garage_Area * 1681.64099399673)) + (Wood_Deck_SF * 1017.69312375784)) + (Mo_Sold * -217.895951839064)) + (Year_Sold * -1007.19585740412)) + (Longitude * 2773.88419706624)) + (Latitude * 7287.77027386767)) + (MS_SubClass_One_and_Half_Story_Finished_All_Ages * -1687.4164691479)) + (MS_SubClass_Two_Story_1946_and_Newer * -3446.69967089117)) + (MS_SubClass_One_Story_PUD_1946_and_Newer * 62.0994382871637)) + (MS_SubClass_other * -535.707786962907)) + (MS_Zoning_Residential_Medium_Density * -2675.78583268027)) + (MS_Zoning_other * -2924.69567314635)) + (Alley_other * -316.99110420435)) + (Lot_Shape_Slightly_Irregular * 1245.06912629884)) + (Land_Contour_other * 735.184004079583)) + (Lot_Config_CulDSac * 2734.60341025337)) + (Lot_Config_Inside * 884.153669999544)) + (Neighborhood_College_Creek * 4526.82057036692)) + (Neighborhood_Old_Town * 1306.00158697636)) + (Neighborhood_Edwards * 538.075017955718)) + (Neighborhood_Somerset * 6714.41917837384)) + (Neighborhood_Northridge_Heights * 10903.2646416316)) + (Neighborhood_Gilbert * -3618.64478818425)) + (Neighborhood_Sawyer * 2749.71489400739)) + (Neighborhood_other * 8551.13463346532)) + (Condition_1_Norm * 4909.71154465358)) + (Condition_1_other * 1934.41525135311)) + (Bldg_Type_TwnhsE * -6070.06289564401)) + (Bldg_Type_other * -8159.52292042567)) + (House_Style_One_Story * 3381.44438707772)) + (House_Style_Two_Story * -3021.28835917447)) + (House_Style_other * -904.047140141212)) + (Overall_Cond_Above_Average * 1125.01512632645)) + (Overall_Cond_Good * 2685.02889655883)) + (Overall_Cond_other * 351.426196807593)) + (Roof_Style_Hip * 3907.97725791181)) + (Exterior_1st_Plywood * 225.291064359609)) + ("Exterior_1st_Wd.Sdng" * 384.762479987219)) + (Exterior_1st_other * 4477.11592638804)) + (Exterior_2nd_MetalSd * 2284.58015409166)) + (Exterior_2nd_Plywood * -1588.48199587962)) + (Exterior_2nd_VinylSd * 1474.80729570628)) + ("Exterior_2nd_Wd.Sdng" * 1831.2987997384)) + (Exterior_2nd_other * -976.637274539317)) + (Mas_Vnr_Type_None * 4971.05846503305)) + (Mas_Vnr_Type_Stone * 1944.9989614077)) + (Exter_Cond_Typical * 19.6204254164911)) + (Foundation_CBlock * -891.86945726364)) + (Foundation_PConc * 2068.63383426028)) + (Bsmt_Cond_other * -172.334350524619)) + (Bsmt_Exposure_Gd * 5690.28657826556)) + (Bsmt_Exposure_Mn * -2679.99772126543)) + (Bsmt_Exposure_No * -5597.49995139759)) + (BsmtFin_Type_1_BLQ * 432.577279364514)) + (BsmtFin_Type_1_GLQ * 5201.4823144989)) + (BsmtFin_Type_1_LwQ * 126.495750334243)) + (BsmtFin_Type_1_Rec * 1691.75502844552)) + (BsmtFin_Type_1_Unf * 3596.923724662)) + (BsmtFin_Type_2_other * -666.080853545786)) + (Heating_QC_Good * -788.259085823176)) + (Heating_QC_Typical * -2456.20980903068)) + (Central_Air_Y * 402.919986049)) + (Electrical_SBrkr * 139.091114370892)) + (Functional_other * -5120.4235367228)) + (Garage_Type_BuiltIn * -427.250007631453)) + (Garage_Type_Detchd * -207.741377522259)) + (Garage_Type_No_Garage * 2153.29068352444)) + (Garage_Finish_RFn * -3908.39521205633)) + (Garage_Finish_Unf * -2216.40003714455)) + (Garage_Cond_Typical * 1711.68386807371)) + (Paved_Drive_Paved * 913.813251909249)) + (Fence_No_Fence * -1204.23822888682)) + (Fence_other * -406.889886687669)) + ("Sale_Type_WD." * -4040.58640251209)) + (Sale_Type_other * -2800.14205589678)) + (Sale_Condition_Normal * 2884.92023929976)) + (Sale_Condition_Partial * 2258.73838712945) AS .pred